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This site provides free access to state-by-state apprenticeship ratio requirements for public works construction projects.

What are apprenticeship ratios?

Many states require contractors on public works projects to employ apprentices at specific ratios relative to journeyman workers. These requirements help develop a skilled construction workforce while ensuring quality on publicly funded projects. Requirements vary significantly by state — from specific apprentice-to-journeyman ratios (e.g., 1 apprentice per 5 journeyman in California) to percentage-based utilization targets (e.g., 15% apprentice hours in Washington).

Federal IRA requirement

The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 established a nationwide apprenticeship requirement for projects seeking enhanced clean energy tax credits. Projects over $1 million must use 15% apprentice labor hours. This applies in all states regardless of state law.

Data sources

Data is compiled from state statutes, administrative codes, and state apprenticeship agency websites. Each state page includes source URLs for verification. Data is manually curated and periodically verified.

SAA vs. OA states

States are classified as either SAA (State Apprenticeship Agency) states, which run their own apprenticeship programs, or OA (Office of Apprenticeship) states, where the federal Department of Labor manages apprenticeship programs. About 30 states operate their own programs.

Disclaimer

This is an unofficial resource. Always verify requirements with your state apprenticeship agency and legal counsel before relying on this information for compliance. Laws change — check source URLs for the latest versions.